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An SSID with a Pre-shared Key (PSK) requirement requires that a client enter a pre-defined PSK to be able to associate to the SSID. Without entering the correct PSK the client will not be able to associate. When using PSK requirements all clients connecting to the SSID must use the same PSK. There are two encryption options available for PSK's, WEP and WPA2.
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Because of the increased security of WPA2 encryption Meraki recommends using WPA2 over WEP unless there are legacy clients that do not support WPA2 encryption. In that case the recommendation is to separate clients onto different SSIDs based on WPA2 compatibility to ensure clients are using the most secure encryption available.
Selecting MAC-based Access Control will query a configured RADIUS server during client association. If the MAC address of the associating client is configured on the RADIUS server to be allowed than the client will be allowed to associate to the SSID. If the RADIUS server rejects the authentication request then the client will not be allowed to associate to the SSID. For more information about configuring MAC-based Access Control please refer to our Enabling MAC-based Access Control and MAC-Based Access Control Using Microsoft NPS articles.
WPA2-Enterprise, also referred to as 802.1X, utilizes either a RADIUS server or the Meraki Cloud to authenticate clients trying to associate to an SSID. This requires clients to provide unique authentication information that must be verified against the server before associating to the SSID. For more information about configuring WPA2-Enterprise with a RADIUS server please refer to our RADIUS Auth with WPA2-Enterprise article.
When Pre-shared Key (PSK) or WPA2-Enterprise authentication is selected a dropdown to enable 802.11w will appear under the Network Access section. 802.11w enables Protected Management Frames (PMF) for management frames such as authentication, de-authentication, association, disassociation, beacon, and probe traffic. This enables Meraki APs to help prevent rogue devices from spoofing management frames from Meraki APs. Selecting 'Enabled' from the dropdown will allow Meraki APs to begin utilizing Protected Management Frames for any clients that support 802.11w. For a more detailed overview of 802.11w, please check out our 802.11w Management Frame Protection article.
Selecting the Click-through Splash Page will present clients with a Splash Page that must be acknowledged before the client is fully authorized to access the network. When the Click Through Splash Page is enabled the option to configure a Captive Portal is enabled. For more information about the Captive Portal feature, see the Captive Portal / Walled Garden section of this article.
With the Bridge mode or Layer 3 roaming client IP assignment options selected, and VLAN Tagging set to Use VLAN tagging, the VLAN ID configuration section appears.
With the VPN: tunnel data to a concentrator client IP assignment option selected, the VPN tunnel type section appears. This section has two configuration options:
This feature can be used to allow Bonjour to work across multiple VLANs. When you enable Bonjour forwarding, Bonjour requests from clients on this SSID will be forwarded to the VLAN that you define here. You can choose specific services as well to enable Bonjour forwarding for a limited subset of services, e.g. only for AirPlay.
Filtering events to a specific client can help troubleshoot individual connectivity issues, including IP addressing and network authentication. Entering the MAC address, hostname, or custom name in the Client field will display only events affecting that client, excluding other client information and device events.
An additional, product-specific field can be used to filter to events relevant to a specific device in the network. This can be helpful when troubleshooting a particular Meraki device on the network, or a client connected directly to a specific device.
The event log shows all events for clients and devices, starting with the most recent event by default. This time frame can be adjusted using the Before field, displaying only events that happened at or before the specified time.
Even when filtering by a single device or client, there can be quite a few events. Selecting specific events to display or excluding specific event types can significantly decrease the amount of data to sort through.
WPA2-Enterprise with 802.1X authentication can be used to authenticate users or computers in a domain. The supplicant (wireless client) authenticates against the RADIUS server (authentication server) using an EAP method configured on the RADIUS server. The gateway APs (authenticator) role is to send authentication messages between the supplicant and authentication server. This means the RADIUS server is responsible for authenticating users.
For best performance, it is recommended to have the RADIUS server and gateway APs located within the same layer-2 broadcast domain to avoid firewall, routing, or authentication delays. Keep in mind the AP is not responsible for authenticating wireless clients and acts as an intermediary between clients and the RADIUS server.
The most common method of authentication with PEAP-MSCHAPv2 is user auth, in which clients are prompted to enter their domain credentials. It is also possible to configure RADIUS for machine authentication, in which the computers themselves are authenticated against RADIUS, so the user doesn't need to provide any credentials to gain access. Machine auth is typically accomplished using EAP-TLS, though some RADIUS server options do make it simple to accomplish machine auth using PEAP-MSCHAPv2 (including Windows NPS, as outlined in the example config below).
In this scenario, APs communicate with clients and receive their domain credentials, which the AP then forwards to NPS. In order for an AP's RADIUS access-request message to be processed by NPS, it must first be added as a RADIUS client/authenticator by its IP address. Since only gateway APs have an IP address on the LAN, all gateway APs in the network must be added to NPS as RADIUS clients.
To quickly gather all gateway APs' LAN IP addresses, navigate to Wireless > Monitor > Access points in Dashboard, ensure that the "LAN IP" column has been added to the table, and take note of all LAN IPs listed. APs with a LAN IP of "N/A" are repeaters, they do not need to be added as RADIUS clients:
Once a list of gateway APs' LAN IPs has been gathered, please refer to Microsoft's documentation for instructions on adding each AP as a client in NPS. Take note of the shared secret configured in NPS, this will be referenced in Dashboard.
Note: To save time, entire subnets can also be added to NPS as RADIUS clients, and any requests coming from that subnet will be processed by NPS. This is only recommended if all APs are on their own management VLAN and subnet, to reduce security risks.
Dashboard offers a number of options to tag client traffic from a particular SSID with a specific VLAN tag. Most commonly, the SSID will be associated with a VLAN ID, so all client traffic from that SSID will be sent on that VLAN.
Note: Using a self-signed certificate is not recommended for RADIUS. In order to use the default self-signed cert, clients will need to be configured to not validate the RADIUS server's identity. Please refer to our RADIUS documentation for certificate options on the RADIUS server.
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